David Schmitt, Eugene Rizio and Atanas Atanassov,
Program Associates, Tree Fruit IPM
- Peach
- Apple
- Grape
- Blueberry
- Scouting Calendar
- Trap Counts
Peach
Oriental Fruit Moth (OFM): Trap counts are very low, indicating a very light population. In many cases, growers do not have enough OFM to justify treatments. However, due to other insects, principally the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), growers are applying insecticides. This should be close to the peak flight. In northern counties insect populations are higher than in southern counties, and a couple of farms have counts in excess of 20 moths per trap, but on most farms the count is more like 0-1 moths per trap. If the population is very low, then growers can concentrate on other pests like the brown marmorated stink bug, see below. For those growers with significant OFM populations, degree day spray timings are as follows for the third generation:| Application and Insecticide Type 3rd Brood OFM | ||
| County Area | Standard Insecticides | Intrepid |
| Southern | 2nd 7/18-19 | 2nd 7/16-17 |
| Central | 2nd 7/22-24 | 2nd 7/20-22 |
| Northern | 1st 7/28-30 | 1st about 7/23-25 |
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Insecticide Use: We continue to see low levels of activity in southern county peach and apple orchards, particularly in blocks that are being harvested or in apples that are on “soft” insecticide programs. One or two farms in northern counties, have higher populations. Even if no insects are being seen, some feeding damage is present. Adults and nymphs are present in wooded borders, and can move into the orchard. We observed an example of this today in Gloucester County, where second and third instar nymphs were present on mulberry and other wild hosts next to a ripening peach block. If growers cannot keep a 7 day alternate middle schedule up, then supplemental border sprays (on the peach trees) will help.
Scorpion and Venom Labels: The Scorpion and Venom section 18 labels were approved for New Jersey this past week. The intention for obtaining these labels is to provide a tool that effective for BMSB control that can be used late in the season during peach ripening and preharvest, and on apples at similar timing during the last week or two preharvest.
The following restrictions apply to these products for pome and stone fruit (Taken from the EPA authorization letter to NJDEP):
3. “Venom Insecticide may be applied to stone and pome fruit at a maximum rate of 4-6.75 fluid ounces (0.179-0.302 lb a.i.) of product per acre. Scorpion 35SL Insecticide may be applied to stone and pome fruit at a maximum rate of 8-12 fluid ounces (0.203-0.304 lb a.i.) of product per acre. For each of these products, a maximum of 2 applications may be made per acre per season and with a minimum 7-day application interval. No more than 0.608 lb a.i. may be applied per acre per season. Only foliar application made by ground equipment is permitted.”Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): (Updated from last week) This insect is also showing very low trap levels, largely since we are between the 2 generations. If you have a farm where TABM has been a problem, and trap counts were high during the first generation, then plan on timing treatments for the second generation. Degree day (DD) timed treatments are outlined for either alternate middle (AM) applications where 4 sprays are needed per generation, full cover every middle (EM) applications where 2 sprays are needed per generation. Timings for these sprays, unless the prediction is too far in the future, are as follows:
6. “A 12-hour restricted entry interval (REI) and a 3-day preharvest interval (PHI) must be observed.”
| Conventional, Diamides | Conventional, Diamides | Intrepid, Rimon | Bt | |
| County Area | AM | EM | EM | EM |
| Southern | 1st 7/21-7/22; 2nd 7/27-7/29 | 1st 7/23-7/25 | 1st 7/25-7/28 | 1st 7/25-7/28 |
| Central | 1st 7/23-7/24; 2nd 7/29-7/31 | 1st 7/25-7/27 | 1st 7/27-7/30 | 1st 7/27-7/30 |
| Northern | Too far off |
San Jose Scale (SJS): Crawlers should begin emergence sometime over the next week to ten days in southern counties. See last week’s newsletter for more information.
Apple
Codling Moth (CM): Codling moth timings are updated in the following table:
Codling Moth Degree Day Timing
|
||||||
| Application and Insecticide Type | ||||||
| County Area | Rimon; Intrepid; Diamides: 1250-1300DD 1550-1600DD | Standard Insecticides, 1350DD 1650-1700DD | ||||
| DD | 1250 | 1300 | 1550 | 1350 | 1650 | 1700 |
| Southern | past | past | past | past | past | past |
| Central | past | past | past | past | past | past |
| Northern | past | past | 7/18-19 | past | 7/22 | 7/24-25 |
San Jose Scale (SJS): Crawlers should begin emergence sometime over the next week to ten days in southern counties. See last week’s newsletter for more information.
Grape
| Captures Southern Counties | ||
| Date | GBM | GRB |
| 5/19 | 1.13 | |
| 5/26 | 0.46 | |
| 6/2 | 1.71 | |
| 6/9 | 0.29 | 0 |
| 6/16 | 0.43 | 0 |
| 6/23 | 2 | 0 |
| 6/30 | 3.29 | .8 |
| 7/7 | 6 | 3 |
| 7/14 | 2 | 3 |
Grape Root Borer (GRB): This is a more southern pest, but is found in NJ, and is a problem in some vineyards. The idea with insecticidal control is to apply a barrier of insecticide on the base of the vine and surrounding ground. GRB adults are now mating and laying eggs. Larvae emerge and borrow into the roots, so the insecticide kills emerging larvae as well as adults as they lay eggs. Use 4E @ 4.5 pt/100 gal, or Lorsban Advanced @ 4.5 pt/100 gal, or Lorsban 75W @ 3lb/100 gal.
Powdery Mildew: Conditions are very good for disease development. Mildew was seen on syrah clusters this past week in southern counties. Consult the 2012 Commercial Grape Pest Control Recommendations.
Scouting Calendar
The following table is intended as an aid for orchard scouting. It should not be used to time pesticide applications. Median dates for pest events and crop phenology are displayed. These dates are compiled from observations made over the past 5-10 years in Gloucester County. Events in northern New Jersey should occur 7-10 days later.| Pest Event or Growth Stage | Approximate Date | 2012 Observed Date |
| Pit Hardening Peach | June 16 +/- 8 Days | June 13 |
| 3rd Pear Psylla Hatch | June 28 +/- 1 Days | About July 2 |
| San Jose Crawlers 2nd Generation | July 21 +/- 5 Days | Not yet observed |
Blueberry
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Blueberry Maggot (BBM): Trap captures have continued to increase, as well as the number of traps having positive captures. For every positive trap catch, we are following with a picked fruit sample and looking for live larvae. Growers should be aware that drosophila larvae can be in the fruit if under a light insecticide program. Given the population that is present, we have no choice but to recommend a weekly schedule of insecticide covers for the remainder of the season.Aphids: Aphid presence is about unchanged since last week. About 40% of samples are positive and 4% were over the 10% infestation level. Almost no large colonies have been seen in the field. Several sites have high levels of lacewing eggs.
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (BMSB): In our recent samples we have noticed a slight decrease in numbers. About 1% of our beating tray and shoot samples have been positive. Even though these are low numbers, growers should be aware of this insect possibly showing up in machine harvested fruit.
Leafrollers and Other Leps: About 10% of shoot and beating tray samples are positive for live worms, but almost all of these positives have been due to blueberry leafminer tents. These are foliar feeders and not a risk to the fruit, especially since most of the fruit is off by now. Some growers do have a concern for contamination issues when machine harvesting.
Japanese Beetle: No significant Japanese beetle presence has been seen this season. About 4% of samples still show beetles on fruit and foliage, and when injury is seen it is usually on the foliage. No samples have been seen where a specific treatment would be required.
Anthracnose: There has not been much change since last week. Only 3% of field fruit samples now show low levels of infection, with 0.1% infected fruit as the typical level seen.
| Tree Fruit Insect Trap Counts – Southern Counties | ||||||||||
| Weekend | STLM | TABM-A | CM | AM | OFM-A | DWB | OFM-P | TABM-P | LPTB | PTB |
| 3/24 | 2 | 3 | 0.17 | |||||||
| 3/31 | 2 | 27 | 0.28 | |||||||
| 4/07 | 7 | 2 | 0.14 | |||||||
| 4/14 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 0.34 | 0 | |||||
| 4/21 | 9 | 0.3 | 11 | 49 | 2 | 0 | ||||
| 4/28 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 52 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 5/5 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 39 | |||
| 5/12 | 2 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 0 | 6 | 60 | |||
| 5/19 | 4 | 13 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 15 | 12 | |||
| 5/26 | 8 | 20 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 26 | 47 | |||
| 6/2 | 33 | 16 | 5 | 5 | 58 | 1 | 30 | 39 | 0 | |
| 6/9 | 13 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 60 | 0 | 13 | 60 | 1 | |
| 6/16 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 37 | 0 | 5 | 21 | 2 | |
| 6/23 | 47 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 51 | 0 | 2 | 35 | 3 | |
| 6/30 | 22 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 29 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 2 | |
| 7/7 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 21 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | |
| 7/14 | 23 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 0 | |
| Tree Fruit Insect Trap Counts – Northern Counties | ||||||||||
| Weekend | STLM | CM | TABM-A | AM | DWB | OBLR | OFM-P | TABM-P | LPTB | PTB |
| 3/24 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||
| 3/31 | 51 | 0 | ||||||||
| 4/07 | 71 | 0 | ||||||||
| 4/14 | 88 | 0 | 1.8 | |||||||
| 4/21 | 202 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.7 | ||||||
| 4/28 | 56 | 8.2 | 0.0 | 6.9 | ||||||
| 5/5 | 9 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 5/12 | 21 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 1.2 | 3.2 | 11.7 | 0 | |||
| 5/19 | 18 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 0 | 1.4 | 7.9 | 24.8 | 0 | ||
| 5/26 | 9 | 7.9 | 11.8 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 0.7 | 14.0 | 24.2 | 0 | |
| 6/2 | 163 | 5.4 | 14.2 | 8.8 | 6.7 | 0.5 | 17.2 | 18.1 | 0.2 | |
| 6/9 | 114 | 3.3 | 21.2 | 5.8 | 21.3 | 0.4 | 23.9 | 10.8 | 0.5 | |
| 6/16 | 76 | 4.1 | 19.1 | 5.8 | 10.3 | 0.3 | 22.9 | 9.4 | 0.3 | |
| 6/23 | 135 | 2.4 | 14.9 | 0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 0.5 | 16.7 | 5.1 | 0.1 |
| 6/30 | 146 | 1.3 | 7.8 | 0 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 10.4 | 4.1 | 0.8 |
| 7/7 | 85 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 0 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 1.1 |
| 7/14 | 210 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 0 | 7.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 5.8 | 1.3 |
| Blueberry Insect Trap Counts - Atlantic County | ||||||
| Week Ending | CBFW | RBLR | OBLR | SNLH | Or. Beetle | BBM |
| 4/7 | 105 | |||||
| 4/14 | 51 | |||||
| 4/21 | 2.6 | 25 | - | |||
| 4/28 | 0.43 | 5.60 | 0.00 | |||
| 5/5 | 0.27 | 1.34 | 0.00 | |||
| 5/12 | 0.86 | 0.62 | 0.00 | |||
| 5/19 | 2.91 | 0.06 | 0.05 | |||
| 5/26 | 1.32 | 0.76 | 1.03 | |||
| 6/2 | 1.98 | 49.45 | 1.18 | |||
| 6/9 | 0.81 | 91.83 | 0.90 | 0.59 | 2.43 | 0.014 |
| 6/16 | 1.05 | 92.82 | 1.61 | 1.21 | 134.08 | 0.015 |
| 6/23 | 0.13 | 37.00 | 0.49 | 0.55 | 457.20 | 0.106 |
| 6/30 | 0.0 | 36.0 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1011.3 | 0.2 |
| 7/7 | 0.03 | 25.59 | 0.08 | 0.29 | 968.87 | 0.496 |
| 7/14 | 0.00 | 18.51 | 0.56 | 0.52 | 433.89 | 0.444 |
| Blueberry Insect Trap Counts - Burlington County | ||||||
| Week Ending | CBFW | RBLR | OBLR | SNLH | Or. Beetle | BBM |
| 4/7 | 49 | |||||
| 4/14 | 42 | |||||
| 4/21 | 0.25 | 16 | - | |||
| 4/28 | 0.40 | 4.30 | 0.00 | |||
| 5/5 | 0.52 | 3.38 | 0.00 | |||
| 5/12 | 2.24 | 0.20 | 0.00 | |||
| 5/19 | 2.08 | 0.22 | 2.08 | |||
| 5/26 | 0.49 | 0.13 | 7.00 | |||
| 6/2 | 1.60 | 22.50 | 4.83 | |||
| 6/9 | 0.73 | 33.5 | 6.4 | 0.35 | 7.5 | 0 |
| 6/16 | 0.85 | 115.30 | 1.00 | 1.29 | 172.38 | 0.524 |
| 6/23 | 1.18 | 93.86 | 0.67 | 2.16 | 492.00 | 0.079 |
| 6/30 | 0.4 | 59.2 | 0.2 | 2.3 | 967.2 | 0.3 |
| 7/7 | 0.00 | 17.38 | 3.30 | 0.64 | 470.00 | 0.030 |
| 7/14 | 0.06 | 14.75 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 473.89 | 0.142 |
